Wheat is one of the main food crops in China. Wheat is not much profitable, but there are many diseases that endanger wheat growth. Wheat yellow dwarf disease is a major disease that often occurs in the wheat region of the Yellow River Basin in China.
Since the first discovery of this disease in Shaanxi and Gansu in 1960, in 1966, 1970, 1973, 1978, 1980, 1987, and 1999, large outbreaks occurred in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, and Hebei. Reinventing local wheat production has brought huge losses.
This tiny creature without cell structure is what it is, where does it come from, who is the accomplice, and what strategies and measures did China take to control it for years to stop it?
The culprit causing wheat yellow dwarf disease is a virus belonging to the genus Rhabdovirus. Barley yellow dwarf virus, the virion structure is very simple, single-stranded nucleic acid + protein shell, no envelope, icosahedral sphere, can infect barley , wheat, oats, corn, hazelnuts, buckwheat, foxtail and many other gramineous plants, spread by aphids. It can be imagined that where these host plants are mixed, if the locusts break out, they will naturally induce yellow dwarf disease.
In the prevention and control strategy, it seems to control the growth of other gramineous plants in the wheat producing area and the occurrence of aphids, which can prevent and control yellow dwarf disease. But the difficulty of real implementation is huge. Therefore, these measures are not the core measures to effectively prevent and control yellow dwarf disease.
Breeding and cultivating disease-resistant and disease-resistant wheat varieties is the best measure. Researchers from the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have been fighting for decades since 1973. The varieties (lines) of disease resistance or disease resistance have been identified from 40,000 wheat varieties (lines) and provided to breeding units. The selection of a variety of wheat varieties with good disease resistance and disease resistance, combined with the implementation of other measures, has enabled wheat yellow dwarf disease, a painful and stubborn disease that has been effectively controlled.
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