(a) potassium chloride (kci)
1. The nature of potassium chloride.
Potassium chloride is a quick-acting potassium fertilizer dissolved in water, containing about 60% of k2o. It is white or pale yellow or purple-red crystal, and has good physical properties. It is a physiological acid fertilizer.
2. Administration of potassium chloride.
Potassium chloride can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, but it is not suitable for seed fertilizer. When used as a base fertilizer, it should be combined with or mixed with organic fertilizer and phosphate rock in neutral and acidic soils. This not only prevents soil acidification, but also promotes the effectiveness of phosphorus in phosphate rock. Because potassium chloride contains chloride ions, it has no adverse effects on the yield and quality of chlorides such as sweet potato, potato, sugar cane, sugar beet, citrus, tobacco, tea tree, etc., so it should not be used. Potassium chloride is particularly suitable for fiber crops such as hemp and cotton because chlorine has a good effect on improving fiber content and quality. A recent test of potato with the marker 14co2 showed that ci had no effect on photosynthesis, but significantly hindered the transfer of photosynthetic products in the stem to the roots. This is unfavorable for the formation of tuber and tuber crop yields, and the assimilation products accumulated in the stem may be beneficial to the synthesis of hemp crop fibers.
(2) Potassium sulfate (k2so4)
1. The nature of potassium sulfate.
Potassium sulphate is white crystal, soluble in water, containing k2o 50% - 52%. Physical properties are better than potassium chloride. It is also a physiological acid fertilizer.
2. Application of potassium sulfate.
In addition to being used as base fertilizer and top dressing, potassium sulfate is also suitable for seed fertilizer and top dressing. Potassium sulphate is suitable for a variety of crops and is particularly advantageous for sulphur-containing crops such as cruciferae. For rice, it is still in the soil with strong originality, it is not as good as potassium chloride, because it is easy to produce hydrogen sulfide poison. Potassium sulphate is more expensive than potassium chloride. In general, it is mainly used in cash crops such as tobacco and fruits.
(3) The composition and properties of grass ash 1, grass ash.
The vegetation ash is the residual ash after burning of the plant. Organic matter and nitrogen are mostly burned out during the combustion process. Therefore, the plant ash contains only ash elements such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron and trace elements. It contains more calcium and potassium, followed by phosphorus. Therefore, the role of grass ash is not only to provide potassium, but also to provide nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium and magnesium trace elements.
The composition of the plant ash is very different, and the contents of phosphorus, potassium and calcium in different plant ash are different. Generally, wood ash contains more calcium, potassium and phosphorus, while grass ash contains more silicon, less phosphorus, potassium and calcium, and there are differences in rice ash and coal ash. The ash content of young tissue contains more potassium and phosphorus, and the ash of aging tissue contains more calcium and silicon. In addition, soil type, soil fertility, fertilization, climatic conditions, etc. all affect the composition and content of plant ash. For example, the vegetation ash in the saline soil area contains more sodium chloride and contains less potassium. The composition of the plant ash and the composition of the soluble salt are generally shown in Table 6-3 and Table-4.
Table 6-3
Composition of plant ash and coal ash (%) ash class k2o
P2o5
Cao
General conifer ash 6.00
2.90
35.00
General broadleaf tree ash 10.00
3.50
30.00
Small shrub ash 5.96
3.14
25.09
Straw ash 1.79
0.44
10.91
General wheat ash ash 13.80
6.40
5.90
Cotton ash 21.99
9.14
14.04
Clamshell ash 0.67
0.62
0.89
Peanut shell gray 6.45
1.23
Sunflower ash gray 35.40
2.55
18.50
Bituminous coal ash 0.70
0.60
26.00
2. Application of grass ash.
Grass ash can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, and can also be used as cover fertilizer. When topdressing, it can be applied on the foliage, which can not only provide nutrients, but also prevent or reduce the occurrence and harm of pests and diseases to a certain extent. Covered with seed fertilizer, mostly used for rice and vegetable breeding, which not only supplies nutrients, but also absorbs heat to increase soil surface temperature, protects early seedlings and prevents rice rotten. In addition, the plant ash can also remove the moss from the field; the 1% grass ash water leaching solution for root dressing has a good effect on the control of mites.
The grass ash is an alkaline fertilizer, so it cannot be mixed with ammonia nitrogen fertilizer or decomposed organic fertilizer to avoid the loss of ammonia volatilization.
Table 6-5
Composition of soluble salts in grass ash ash (raw materials)
Soluble salt in ash
(%)
% composition of soluble salts
k+
Co3=
So4=
Ci-
Wood ash (small fir)
13.96
44.78
27.65
10.78
5.36
Bush ash 11.5
43.23
19.61
20.46
5.57
Grass ash (grass)
9.88
43.9
25.6
15.25
4.5
Cottonseed ash 11.87
47.3
17.47
15.61
1.64
Straw ash 10.54
57.51
7.61
3.36
1.81
Cow dung 8.58
45.58
1.88
24.13
2.27
1. The nature of potassium chloride.
Potassium chloride is a quick-acting potassium fertilizer dissolved in water, containing about 60% of k2o. It is white or pale yellow or purple-red crystal, and has good physical properties. It is a physiological acid fertilizer.
2. Administration of potassium chloride.
Potassium chloride can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, but it is not suitable for seed fertilizer. When used as a base fertilizer, it should be combined with or mixed with organic fertilizer and phosphate rock in neutral and acidic soils. This not only prevents soil acidification, but also promotes the effectiveness of phosphorus in phosphate rock. Because potassium chloride contains chloride ions, it has no adverse effects on the yield and quality of chlorides such as sweet potato, potato, sugar cane, sugar beet, citrus, tobacco, tea tree, etc., so it should not be used. Potassium chloride is particularly suitable for fiber crops such as hemp and cotton because chlorine has a good effect on improving fiber content and quality. A recent test of potato with the marker 14co2 showed that ci had no effect on photosynthesis, but significantly hindered the transfer of photosynthetic products in the stem to the roots. This is unfavorable for the formation of tuber and tuber crop yields, and the assimilation products accumulated in the stem may be beneficial to the synthesis of hemp crop fibers.
(2) Potassium sulfate (k2so4)
1. The nature of potassium sulfate.
Potassium sulphate is white crystal, soluble in water, containing k2o 50% - 52%. Physical properties are better than potassium chloride. It is also a physiological acid fertilizer.
2. Application of potassium sulfate.
In addition to being used as base fertilizer and top dressing, potassium sulfate is also suitable for seed fertilizer and top dressing. Potassium sulphate is suitable for a variety of crops and is particularly advantageous for sulphur-containing crops such as cruciferae. For rice, it is still in the soil with strong originality, it is not as good as potassium chloride, because it is easy to produce hydrogen sulfide poison. Potassium sulphate is more expensive than potassium chloride. In general, it is mainly used in cash crops such as tobacco and fruits.
(3) The composition and properties of grass ash 1, grass ash.
The vegetation ash is the residual ash after burning of the plant. Organic matter and nitrogen are mostly burned out during the combustion process. Therefore, the plant ash contains only ash elements such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron and trace elements. It contains more calcium and potassium, followed by phosphorus. Therefore, the role of grass ash is not only to provide potassium, but also to provide nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium and magnesium trace elements.
The composition of the plant ash is very different, and the contents of phosphorus, potassium and calcium in different plant ash are different. Generally, wood ash contains more calcium, potassium and phosphorus, while grass ash contains more silicon, less phosphorus, potassium and calcium, and there are differences in rice ash and coal ash. The ash content of young tissue contains more potassium and phosphorus, and the ash of aging tissue contains more calcium and silicon. In addition, soil type, soil fertility, fertilization, climatic conditions, etc. all affect the composition and content of plant ash. For example, the vegetation ash in the saline soil area contains more sodium chloride and contains less potassium. The composition of the plant ash and the composition of the soluble salt are generally shown in Table 6-3 and Table-4.
Table 6-3
Composition of plant ash and coal ash (%) ash class k2o
P2o5
Cao
General conifer ash 6.00
2.90
35.00
General broadleaf tree ash 10.00
3.50
30.00
Small shrub ash 5.96
3.14
25.09
Straw ash 1.79
0.44
10.91
General wheat ash ash 13.80
6.40
5.90
Cotton ash 21.99
9.14
14.04
Clamshell ash 0.67
0.62
0.89
Peanut shell gray 6.45
1.23
Sunflower ash gray 35.40
2.55
18.50
Bituminous coal ash 0.70
0.60
26.00
2. Application of grass ash.
Grass ash can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, and can also be used as cover fertilizer. When topdressing, it can be applied on the foliage, which can not only provide nutrients, but also prevent or reduce the occurrence and harm of pests and diseases to a certain extent. Covered with seed fertilizer, mostly used for rice and vegetable breeding, which not only supplies nutrients, but also absorbs heat to increase soil surface temperature, protects early seedlings and prevents rice rotten. In addition, the plant ash can also remove the moss from the field; the 1% grass ash water leaching solution for root dressing has a good effect on the control of mites.
The grass ash is an alkaline fertilizer, so it cannot be mixed with ammonia nitrogen fertilizer or decomposed organic fertilizer to avoid the loss of ammonia volatilization.
Table 6-5
Composition of soluble salts in grass ash ash (raw materials)
Soluble salt in ash
(%)
% composition of soluble salts
k+
Co3=
So4=
Ci-
Wood ash (small fir)
13.96
44.78
27.65
10.78
5.36
Bush ash 11.5
43.23
19.61
20.46
5.57
Grass ash (grass)
9.88
43.9
25.6
15.25
4.5
Cottonseed ash 11.87
47.3
17.47
15.61
1.64
Straw ash 10.54
57.51
7.61
3.36
1.81
Cow dung 8.58
45.58
1.88
24.13
2.27
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