(3) Skeleton material
A polyurethane structural reflection molding (SRIM) technology has been widely used in Europe and the United States, which can effectively reduce the quality of parts. The process is: pre-forming the skin, putting the fiberglass felt into the mold, then injecting the polyurethane resin, and aging (micro-foaming). This process can produce a variety of automotive trims, such as door trim panels, coat racks, dashboard skeletons and ceiling bones. SRIM's advantages can be flexibly designed for wall thickness, curvature or ribs depending on the mechanical properties of the components. Compared with products such as injection molding, SRIM has lower in-vehicle noise and can improve the physical properties of the product, such as lower density, higher elongation, less odor and mold problems, and create a comfortable interior. surroundings.
The existing domestic door panel production technology is that the glass fiber is pre-plated in the mold, and then the composite material is injected, and the required interior parts such as the automobile instrument panel, the door panel and the air conditioner cover are molded and molded. The other is chopped glass fiber injection molding.
Polyurethane products formed by RIM and RPIM technology are mainly used in automobiles for steering wheels, bumpers, body panels, engine covers, trunk lids, radiator grilles, fenders, spoilers, and the like. The RPIM quality is only 55% of the steel, but the surface quality and dimensional stability of the parts need to be further improved. In general, the amount is not very large.
2, car seat cushion, backrest, headrest
Car seat cushions, backrests, and headrests are the most expensive parts of polyurethane foam in automobiles, and they are also the most sensitive places for people to ride comfortably. Therefore, the performance requirements of products are also very strict.
At present, most of the polyurethane foam cushions used in domestic automobiles are cold-cured products of uniform density. The new car seat cushion developed in recent years uses double-hardness or multi-hardness foam. The production of double-hardness cushion can be realized by injecting polyether polyol and isocyanate into the mold through double or multi-head mixing head. The full MDI cold molding process is used to accurately control the hardness of different parts of the seat cushion by changing the isocyanate index - the middle of the seat cushion is soft and the sides are hard. Soft foam gives comfort, and the hard parts on both sides provide support. When the car is driving at high speed or turning, it helps to maintain the stability of the driver and passengers and improve the safety of the ride. FAW Group Fuao Company has used three-component mixing technology to produce double-hardness and multi-hardness foam, and its technical level is in the leading position in China.
3, car armrests
In the middle of the structure of the handrail, there is a steel frame fixed on the door panel, and the outer layer is covered with a self-skinning semi-rigid polyurethane foam, and the surface has a decorative pattern, so that people have a comfortable feeling and a sense of security when riding. There are also handrests on the left and right door inner panels of the car. The material is self-skinned semi-rigid polyurethane foam and also has a foamed plastic structure in the plastic skin. The material used in this part should be resistant to sweat, odor, hardness and high and low temperature properties.
4, steering wheel assembly
The steering wheel of passenger cars in China is basically made of semi-rigid self-skinning polyurethane foam as the outer cover layer and the inner steel frame is welded. It has gradually turned to magnesium alloy aluminum die casting. The hardness of the cover layer is generally 60 to 80 Shore A.
5. Foam plastic for sound insulation and heat insulation
(1) Car roof, door inner panel
The inner roof of the car is a composite product formed by various materials, and requires various functions such as heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, and vibration absorption. The soft roof is made of polyurethane foam composite fiber fabric, non-woven fabric and artificial leather. The hard roof is obtained by laminating the fabric fiber, glass fiber, cardboard and polyurethane foam.
There are also many places where polyurethane foam sheets are used in automobiles. For example, fabrics of seats are currently made of textile + PU + knitted synthetic fibers. After the top interior is made of PVC film + PU composite, it has a small hole on its surface and is then attached to the top of the cab with adhesive.
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