Crop phytotoxicity refers to the morbidity of crops caused by improper use of pesticides.
1. Crop phytotoxicity can be divided into the following categories according to different symptoms:
(1) Spots. It is mainly found on crop leaves and sometimes on the stem or fruit epidermis. There are several kinds of brown spots, yellow spots, dead spots and so on.
(2) Yellowing. It is expressed in the stems and leaves of plants and occurs more in leaves.
(3) Malformation. This phytotoxicity may occur in various organs of plants. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root swelling, deformed ear, and deformed fruit.
(4) Withering. This phytotoxicity is generally manifested throughout the plant, and most of this phytotoxicity is caused by improper use of the herbicide.
(5) Production stagnation. The growth caused by phytotoxicity is slow compared with the stiffness of physiological diseases. The former often has symptoms of plaques or other phytotoxicity.
2. Causes of phytotoxicity: From the point of view of the phytotoxicity of crops for many years, the main causes of phytotoxicity are as follows: First, the wrong pesticides are used. Second, the concentration is too high, or the concentration is correct and repeated application during the operation. The third is to apply the medicine when the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the sunshine is strong. The fourth is to apply the drug during the sensitive growth stage of the crop. Fifth, improper mixing of drugs. Sixth, pesticide formulations and processing quality are also related to phytotoxicity.
3. Remedy for phytotoxicity: When the crops in the applied field are found to have typical symptoms such as yellowing of leaves, spots of stems and leaves, stagnation of growth, wilting of plants, and deformity, it is necessary to analyze the causes of phytotoxicity in order to adopt corresponding remedies. Measures. Commonly used remedies for phytotoxicity are: (1) spray a large amount of water to rinse or slightly alkaline water to rinse, repeatedly spray water for 2 to 3 times, try to wash off the drug on the surface of the plant, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
(2) Chasing quick-acting fertilizer. On crops where phytotoxicity occurs, fertilizers such as urea should be quickly applied to increase nutrients and strengthen the growth of crops.
(3) Spraying drugs that relieve phytotoxicity. If the crops are harmed by omethoate, parathion and other pesticides, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the affected crops; rapeseed, peanuts, etc. are inhibited by paclobutrazol, and erythroic acid solution can be sprayed appropriately. (4) Remove the site where the phytotoxicity is more serious. This measure is commonly used on fruit trees.
4. Measures to avoid and mitigate the phytotoxicity of pesticides on crops: (1) Proper selection of pesticides.
(2) When taking medicine, it is necessary to look at the sky, see the ground, and see the seedlings, avoiding adverse weather, sensitive crop varieties and growth period. (3) Scientific application of different pesticides. First, it must be used strictly in accordance with the prescribed scope and dosage, and should not be expanded or increased at will. Second, apply the drug evenly at one time to avoid repeated medication. Third, do not mix pesticides, so as not to aggravate the phytotoxicity. Fourth, when applying herbicides, especially broad-spectrum herbicides, the wind direction should be observed and the windshield should be installed on the nozzle to avoid harming the crops of adjacent fields. Fifth, we must pay attention to avoid the use of pesticides that have residual phytotoxicity to the crops.
1. Crop phytotoxicity can be divided into the following categories according to different symptoms:
(1) Spots. It is mainly found on crop leaves and sometimes on the stem or fruit epidermis. There are several kinds of brown spots, yellow spots, dead spots and so on.
(2) Yellowing. It is expressed in the stems and leaves of plants and occurs more in leaves.
(3) Malformation. This phytotoxicity may occur in various organs of plants. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root swelling, deformed ear, and deformed fruit.
(4) Withering. This phytotoxicity is generally manifested throughout the plant, and most of this phytotoxicity is caused by improper use of the herbicide.
(5) Production stagnation. The growth caused by phytotoxicity is slow compared with the stiffness of physiological diseases. The former often has symptoms of plaques or other phytotoxicity.
2. Causes of phytotoxicity: From the point of view of the phytotoxicity of crops for many years, the main causes of phytotoxicity are as follows: First, the wrong pesticides are used. Second, the concentration is too high, or the concentration is correct and repeated application during the operation. The third is to apply the medicine when the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the sunshine is strong. The fourth is to apply the drug during the sensitive growth stage of the crop. Fifth, improper mixing of drugs. Sixth, pesticide formulations and processing quality are also related to phytotoxicity.
3. Remedy for phytotoxicity: When the crops in the applied field are found to have typical symptoms such as yellowing of leaves, spots of stems and leaves, stagnation of growth, wilting of plants, and deformity, it is necessary to analyze the causes of phytotoxicity in order to adopt corresponding remedies. Measures. Commonly used remedies for phytotoxicity are: (1) spray a large amount of water to rinse or slightly alkaline water to rinse, repeatedly spray water for 2 to 3 times, try to wash off the drug on the surface of the plant, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
(2) Chasing quick-acting fertilizer. On crops where phytotoxicity occurs, fertilizers such as urea should be quickly applied to increase nutrients and strengthen the growth of crops.
(3) Spraying drugs that relieve phytotoxicity. If the crops are harmed by omethoate, parathion and other pesticides, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the affected crops; rapeseed, peanuts, etc. are inhibited by paclobutrazol, and erythroic acid solution can be sprayed appropriately. (4) Remove the site where the phytotoxicity is more serious. This measure is commonly used on fruit trees.
4. Measures to avoid and mitigate the phytotoxicity of pesticides on crops: (1) Proper selection of pesticides.
(2) When taking medicine, it is necessary to look at the sky, see the ground, and see the seedlings, avoiding adverse weather, sensitive crop varieties and growth period. (3) Scientific application of different pesticides. First, it must be used strictly in accordance with the prescribed scope and dosage, and should not be expanded or increased at will. Second, apply the drug evenly at one time to avoid repeated medication. Third, do not mix pesticides, so as not to aggravate the phytotoxicity. Fourth, when applying herbicides, especially broad-spectrum herbicides, the wind direction should be observed and the windshield should be installed on the nozzle to avoid harming the crops of adjacent fields. Fifth, we must pay attention to avoid the use of pesticides that have residual phytotoxicity to the crops.
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