ã€China Aluminum Industry Network】 Aluminum alloy cable technology and products have been used in the United States since 2006 and 2007. UMI alloys and Tianjin Shide alloys have been brought into China for eight years. In particular, the ALCAN alloy cable imported from the Canadian Aluminum Corporation of the United States was promoted in the country in the early stage, and the Tianjin Alcan Corporation, which has independently processed and produced its own brand of Shide Alloys, has invested a lot of manpower and material resources to develop the domestic aluminum alloy cable market. A large number of aluminum alloy cable concepts and commercial propaganda have successfully opened up the market for the promotion of Siede alloy cables.
Immediately after Tianjin Jia Al, some domestic manufacturers also imitated and learned from the advocacy ideas of Tianjin Alcan and jointly promoted the market acceptance of the aluminum alloy cable concept. As a result, the concept of positioned aluminum alloy cable has been widely used.
Among the many publicity, the introduction of new technologies, new materials, and aluminum alloy cables that have good application value, “using aluminum to replace copperâ€, and promoting the construction of a resource-saving society is the mainstream of the promotion of aluminum alloy cables. Popularization has played a positive role. However, there are also some misleading markets and misleading users, which has laid a hidden danger for the healthy development of the aluminum alloy cable industry. This has caused the objective facts of misleading users and left users with potential safety hazards when applying aluminum alloy cable products.
For eight years, the road to development has been difficult, the aluminum alloy cable market has gradually matured, and the popularity of aluminum alloy cable products has become a general trend.
However, if the fact that some aluminum alloy cables are misled, if they are not clarified in time and thoroughly corrected, it will certainly leave industry and users with hidden dangers. The following are some examples of major misunderstandings concerning aluminum alloy cables:
First, on the misleading aluminum alloy cable connection terminal We all know that the majority of electrical accidents occurred in the electrical connection, that is, the connection terminal and cable conductor connection. The stability and reliability of the connection between the cable conductor and the connection terminal (connector) is of crucial importance for the power system.
Today, domestic aluminum alloy cables are basically connected with aluminum terminals or so-called alloy terminals that do not match the cable performance. Therefore, the physical and mechanical performance defects and safety hazards of the aluminum materials or the so-called alloys that are inconsistent with the cable performance still exist, and the electrical performance of these connection terminals does not match the performance of the aluminum alloy cable conductors, and the use effect is greatly reduced. exist.
In this way, what is the value of promoting and applying aluminum alloy cables? What is the difference between using aluminum alloy cables directly? Aluminum alloy cables connected with aluminum terminals are not as effective as aluminum cables, which results in the advantages and the use value of aluminum alloy cables. No deposit. This connection scheme is undoubtedly the wrong connection solution. This kind of erroneous connection solution will inevitably cause fatal hidden dangers to the user's transmission lines and also lay a hidden danger for the development of the industry.
As we all know, the connection application technology of aluminum alloy cable should be similar to the connection application technology of copper cable and aluminum cable. That is, the copper cable is connected to the copper nose, the aluminum cable is connected to the copper-aluminum transition terminal, and the aluminum alloy cable is connected to the aluminum alloy copper connection terminal whose performance is the same as that of the aluminum alloy cable. This is the correct cable connection solution. This is a very easy-to-understand, very simple technical reason. I believe that the companies and engineering designers and users in the industry will understand it.
Therefore, users and industry-related personnel must clearly understand: to ensure that the advantages and value of aluminum alloy cable can be played and embodied, safe, no hidden application of aluminum alloy cable, it must be used in conjunction with aluminum alloy cable performance aluminum alloy copper connector .
The aluminum alloy cable is connected with aluminum terminals or so-called alloy terminals with inconsistent cable performance. This is a technical mislead in the promotion and application of aluminum alloy cables in the country. This is an error connection scheme that causes fatal hidden dangers for electricity users of aluminum alloy cables. It must be clarified and thoroughly corrected.
Unfortunately, there are still some industry misleading companies that have misled the industry and users in the past and used aluminum alloy cables that are not consistent with aluminum alloy cables. It is still arguing, trying to continue to mislead users.
1, such as: What foreign connection terminal also use AA1000 alloy or AA6000 alloy, and lists the so-called connector name, etc. to explain, in order to try to prove that the connector and the cable do not have the same chemical composition and other requirements. As everyone knows, the aluminum alloy cable currently widely promoted in China is the aluminum alloy for conductor No. AA8000, the performance of aluminum alloy No. AA1000 or AA6000 and No. AA8000 conductor is not the same, and the connection between the terminal and the cable may not match. This kind of approval of Zhang Guan and Li Dai is indeed a strong reason to fool users.
2. What other companies are trying to move out of the national standard? What do you mean by saying "Issues to judge whether the connection terminal products are qualified according to the national current standard GB/T9327-2008" Pressurized and Mechanical Connections for Power Cable Conductors with Rated Voltage of 35kV and Below "Test methods and requirements for fittings" stipulate that the terminals shall pass electrical tests and mechanical tests, and 1000 AC heat cycles are tests to test the safety performance of the conductors and terminals under working conditions."
The insider knows that the 2008 edition of the national standard was developed for copper connectors for copper cables and aluminum connectors for aluminum cables. There are no provisions for aluminum alloy cable connection terminals. Not to mention the development of this standard, the domestic There is no aluminum alloy cable yet. This kind of indiscriminate application of irrelevant standards to obscure the user's actions should not be the so-called professional aluminum alloy cable companies.
The market will eventually return to rationality, and users will also truly understand the application characteristics of aluminum alloy cables. Any behaviors of bullying, cheating and misleading users must be clarified and stopped so as to facilitate the healthy development of the industry.
Second, misleading the rare-earth, high-speed iron alloy cable In the "wire and cable" in 2014 the sixth period of the Shanghai Cable Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering Huang Chongji "Aluminum section of copper to clarify the right and wrong" article, academician Huang pointed out (Note : The contents of the quotation marks are excerpts from the original): "The problems in the aluminum section of copper (1) were misrepresented and disrupted the normal and orderly application of aluminum and aluminum alloy cables.
(2) Misleading investment will further expand the production capacity of medium- and low-end products in the cable industry.
(3) Individual companies declare patents for rare earth high-iron iron alloy conductor materials.
The main issues of this issue are:
1) The application of rare earths in electrical aluminum and aluminum alloys is not a new technology. It has been used in China for more than 30 years and is currently in use. In 1981, 1985, 1990, 1991, 1997, and 2006, Shanghai Cable Research Institute won awards and authorized invention patents from the Ministry of Machinery Industry, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Shanghai Science and Technology Expo, the Second, and the Gold Awards.
2) The application of rare earths in electrical aluminum and aluminum alloys is the same as the addition of iron and boron in the manufacture of wire and cable conductors.
In formulating the national standard for "aluminum conductors for cable conductors", eight wire and cable factories involved in supplying samples submitted test samples, and the Shanghai Cable Research Institute conducted a verification comparative test under the same test conditions. The result was: addition of rare earths. The mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy wire for cable conductors are not as good as those of the aluminum alloy wire used for conductors without added rare earths, but they all meet the requirements of the standard. In the newly formulated “Aluminum alloy wire for cable conductors (GB/T30552-2014 standard)†and “Rated voltage 0.6/1kV aluminum alloy conductor XLPE insulated cable standard (NB/T standard)â€, no special reference is made to rare earths. High-speed iron alloy wire. â€
Therefore, it can be clearly understood from the article of Huang Academician that the so-called rare earth high-speed iron aluminum alloy cable is just a publicity gimmick, not a technological innovation, not a new technology. This is misleading to clarify.
Third, on the aluminum alloy cable conductivity is higher than the misleading aluminum cable As we all know, electrical aluminum is a good conductor material after copper. Conductor aluminum alloy is electrical aluminum as the substrate, according to the conductor aluminum alloy formulation requirements add a small amount of other metal materials for alloying, and then smelting, casting and rolling.
As we all know, the addition of other metal materials to highly pure electrical aluminum will add impurities to aluminum materials. The result is that the electrical conductivity of aluminum materials is directly affected and reduced.
The mature conductor aluminum alloy formulation undergoes smelting, casting and rolling processes, which can restore the conductivity of the produced conductor aluminum alloy material to the conductivity of the aluminum substrate, and at the same time improve the physical and mechanical properties of the aluminum material as the conductor material. Insufficient defects have become new-type, high-performance electrical grade conductor materials. This is the advantage and value of aluminum conductors. Therefore, the conductivity of the conductor aluminum alloy material can only be restored to or close to the conductivity level of the aluminum substrate and cannot exceed the aluminum substrate. Unless sacrificing other properties of the conductor aluminum alloy material deliberately to improve the conductivity of the material. However, this processing result will inevitably lead to the unsatisfactory overall performance of the conductor aluminum alloy material, and it cannot be used to produce a qualified aluminum alloy cable product. Checking whether the conductor aluminum alloy is qualified is to evaluate its comprehensive performance, not a single performance.
Qualified aluminum alloy cables have the same electrical properties as aluminum cables, and their compressive creep properties are similar to those of copper cables. However, anti-corrosion, mechanical and other properties are better than copper cables.
Therefore, the widely advertised aluminum alloy cable in the market has higher electrical conductivity than aluminum cable or so-called high-conductivity aluminum alloy cable. These are the commercial needs of certain enterprises and are a propaganda and misleading.
Fourth, misleading aluminum alloy cable and copper cable production methods are different. Because of the different nature of the conductor material, it is necessary for the manufacturer to have a core alloy technology alloy formulation with conductors, alloy smelting technology, continuous casting and rolling production equipment and mature production processes.
The chemical composition of the qualified conductor aluminum alloy rod material shall meet the requirements of the chemical composition of the AA-8000 series aluminum alloy specified in the standards of ASTM B80005 (2011) and GB/T30552-2014 “Aluminum alloy wire for cable conductorsâ€. Secondly, the mechanical properties are in line with the tensile strength of 98-159MPa, the post-break elongation rate is greater than or equal to 10%, the electrical properties are greater than or equal to 61%IACS, the material density is greater than or equal to 2.71g/cm3, and the material should pass 100 hours of compressive creep. test. All conductor materials that meet the above requirements are qualified conductor materials for the manufacture of aluminum alloy cables.
Furthermore, the qualified conductor aluminum alloy material and the high-quality copper cable material are similar in cost, and only the aluminum alloy conductor length that can produce the same electrical performance is about 1.6-1.8 times longer than the copper cable conductor (according to whether the production technology is mature, the material is excellent, or the loss is Rates are different and other factors determine).
However, the conductor cost is only a part of the cable cost. For the same electrical performance, the alloy cable has a conductor cross-section greater than that of the copper cable. The required insulation, sheathing, and accessories for the cable are approximately 10% to 15% higher than the copper cable. Therefore, the cost of manufacturing qualified aluminum alloy cables is not less than 50% lower than that of copper cables in the market.
According to industry expert cost analysis, nowadays, aluminum alloy cable products with a price lower than 60% of the national standard copper cable price can basically be judged as inferior aluminum alloy cables and even aluminum cables. Therefore, users must be vigilant when choosing aluminum alloy cable products!
Some of the misconceptions listed above are the outstanding issues in the current aluminum alloy cable market. To mature the market and develop the industry healthily, it is necessary to eliminate the impact of these misleading. Although the development of the industry requires a process, the aluminum alloy cable industry is a new industry. The foundation is unstable, and the development situation is not easy to come by. In order to have a bright tomorrow, we must do a good job today.
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