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State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center Liu Sijin Research Group has made new progress in the molecular mechanism of GO-induced macrophage activation and pro-inflammatory responses. Related research results recently online Published in the American Chemical Society magazine ACS Nano (ACS Nano, 2015, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04751).
With its excellent physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, GO has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of biomedicine and environment. At present, it is not clear how the physical and chemical characteristics (such as size) of GO affect its biological effects and biocompatibility. The team found that different sizes of GO have large differences in activating macrophages and in inducing local and systemic inflammatory responses: Compared to small-sized GOs, large-scale GOs are more likely to activate macrophages and trigger inflammatory responses.
A series of cell and molecular biology studies have shown that large-size GOs are more likely to bind to macrophage cell membrane surfaces than to smaller GOs and interact more strongly with membranes. Further mechanistic studies revealed that different sizes of GO activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located on the surface of cell membranes to different degrees, and differentially activate their downstream NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathways. At the same time, it was found that large-sized GO significantly stimulates macrophage polarization to the M1 subtype, thereby amplifying the inflammatory cascade. This study is of great significance in revealing the potential immunotoxicity of GO, regulating its organization and cell compatibility, and also has certain guiding value for the design of GO biopharmaceuticals and environmental applications.
The study was supported by the National Nano "973" project and the National Development Fund project.
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