Abstract After several years of deliberation, the State Council on the 12th issued "Opinions on accelerating the development of new competitive advantages in foreign trade" (the "Opinion"), defined China will enhance and "along the way" along the national level economic and trade cooperation, promote foreign ...
After several years of deliberation, the State Council issued the "Several Opinions on Accelerating the New Advantages of Foreign Trade Competition" on the 12th (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), clarifying that China will comprehensively upgrade the level of economic and trade cooperation with the countries along the "Belt and Road" and promote the structure of foreign trade. Adjustments, creating a legalized business structure and Other aspects, and made a directional judgment. A few days ago, the foreign trade data released by the General Administration of Customs showed that the trend of double import and export in March continued, and the trend of double decline in April was still present.
Li Jian, director of the Institute of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Commerce, has participated in early policy-related issues. He believes that the introduction of such policies at this time has many factors to consider, mainly to implement the views of the 18th National Congress on cultivating new advantages of foreign trade, and it is expected to introduce further details in the future. In addition, the recent poor state of foreign trade is also one of the considerations.
Another core person pointed out to the reporter that the "Opinions" had been issued at the departmental level earlier this year. The full text was announced in order to let local and various departments understand each other in order to better implement them.
However, Zhou Shizhen, a senior researcher at the China-US Relations Research Center of Tsinghua University, believes that the "Opinions" are generally about the future direction. This year's foreign trade enterprises are so difficult, they still need to implement the problem, and they have specific policies.
Promote the continuous introduction of foreign trade policy
Since the beginning of this year, various departments of the State Council have successively introduced policies to promote foreign trade. Following the introduction of measures such as trade facilitation by the customs inspection and other departments, the State Council executive meeting also deployed policies to improve the import and export of consumer goods, enriching domestic consumers' shopping choices.
The core of foreign trade policy is taxation (tariffs and export tax rebates), as well as exchange rate policies. For small and micro enterprises that are sensitive to financial pressures, exchange rate policies and tax burdens directly affect corporate profits and capital turnover.
However, in Zhou Shizhen’s view, there is still a lot of room for implementation and coordination needs to be strengthened. He said that the tariff reduction process of the relevant departments is not in place at one time, but is reduced by points every year. When the policy is actually implemented, it will take several years to pass and it will not solve the immediate problems.
After the abnormal trend of foreign trade in the Spring Festival from January to February, the trend of foreign trade in March-April was relatively low, and the import and export both showed a year-on-year decline of about 10%. Among them, especially the decline in imports is more obvious. What is not normal for some industry insiders is that although commodity prices have started to pick up significantly since March, import data is still low.
On the other hand, this year's exchange rate has also begun to gradually pick up. Except for the dollar exchange rate against the renminbi (6.2089, -0.0007, -0.01%), the other major currencies have depreciated against the renminbi.
Informed sources told this reporter that this year's exchange rate policy may continue to strengthen. The reason is that China is actively pursuing the Special Drawing Rights of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to promote the internationalization of the RMB. "In this process, the strength of the renminbi is very important," said the source.
Whether various effective policies can be implemented and determine the policy effect of boosting foreign trade.
"First Financial Daily" reporter has learned from authoritative sources that at the end of March and early April, due to the fact that the March data is not very optimistic, including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs and other foreign trade authorities have organized many foreign trade enterprises. Research and try to find a solution.
According to data released by the Customs on the 8th, in the first four months of this year, China’s total import and export value was 7.5 trillion yuan, down 7.3% from the same period last year. Among them, exports were 4.23 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.8%; imports were 3.27 trillion yuan, down 17%; trade surplus was 965.37 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4 times.
Cultivate new comparative advantages
In the long run, the "Opinions" also need to let all departments truly understand each other to solve the long-standing institutional problems of foreign trade development.
The "Opinions" stresses that we must vigorously promote the transformation of China's foreign trade from scale to quality and efficiency, and strive to achieve five transformations: First, promote the transformation of exports from goods to goods, services, technology, and capital output; The competitive advantage is changed from price advantage to comprehensive competitive advantage with technology, brand, quality and service as the core; thirdly, the driving force for growth is driven by factor-driven to innovation-driven; fourthly, the business environment is guided by policy-oriented Institutional norms and the transformation of a rule of law and international business environment; Fifth, the promotion of global economic governance status is based on compliance with and adaptation to international economic and trade rules, and actively participates in the formulation of international economic and trade rules.
After the financial crisis, China's foreign trade trend was affected by the sluggish demand from the external market and the increase in internal labor costs. Under this circumstance, since the report on China's foreign trade development strategy in the post-crisis era, the ten-year multiplication plan has been proposed, the foreign trade authorities have been seriously studying and trying to find a solution to the problem and seek comparative advantage in the new era.
During his tenure as dean of the Ministry of Commerce, Huo Jianguo led the research on China's foreign trade development strategy in the post-crisis era in 2010 to solve the strategic problem of China's transition from a trading power to a trading power in the post-crisis era.
"At that time, our foreign trade growth rate could reach double digits. The current situation is much more difficult than that at that time. It really needs more follow-up refinement policies," he told reporters.
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