The core technology of the machine tool industry lacks the dilemma to be solved

Since the "China Made 2025" programmatic document was released and established as the future national strategic direction, domestic discussions on this matter have not stopped. It is expected that the theme will become a key part of the future “13th Five-Year Plan” and that the “4.0 of Industry” in China will become a hot topic.

After all, this year will be the year for the theme of “Made in China 2025”. It will even be the long-term theme for the next year and even the 13th Five-Year Plan period. In "Made in China 2025," the most important thing is smart manufacturing. In line with the development trend of the “Internet”, the integration of informatization and industrialization is the main line, and the internet of things is used as the basis to build the Internet of Things.

Why develop smart manufacturing? Because it is the foundation of manufacturing, it is a prerequisite for transformation. In recent years, in order to improve product quality, reduce costs and shorten the development cycle, various countries have formulated a number of advanced manufacturing development strategies and plans, adjusted their industrial structures, and promoted industrial transformation. They urgently need to use intelligent manufacturing to improve their capabilities and efficiency.

Today, "Made in China 2025" brings us plenty of room for imagination. Whether it is the real economy or the financial market, companies that are linked to it seem to be hot. The dream is beautiful, but the reality is always cruel. In the actual development process, we can find that we are still trapped in the lack of patented technology, profit-seeking business awareness and other issues and can not quickly achieve a qualitative leap. This also indicates that we still have many ways to go to achieve true smart manufacturing.

The transformation under the "integration of industry and information"

On November 18, Premier Li Keqiang presided over the executive meeting of the State Council, deployed to speed up the upgrading of corporate technology, and promoted the industry to high-end. The meeting believed that accelerating the upgrading of technological upgrading of enterprises and making “Made in China” strengthen their bones, increase quality and increase efficiency, and create new competitive advantages are important measures for improving supply and expanding demand. It is both an urgent task and a long-term plan.

At this stage, new generations of information technologies such as mobile Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, and robotics have penetrated into all aspects of economic and social development. A new era of technological innovation and industrial change has come. Its main features are information. The deep integration of technology and industrial manufacturing technology. (Abbreviation: "Industrial Cooperation")

At the time of China’s economic transformation, China’s economic development is slowly slowing down. Obviously, the old road to fight for scale and production capacity has been unable to adapt. As one of the most important equipments for processing and manufacturing of industrial equipment, the integration of machine tools and information technology It will become a breakthrough in the transformation of traditional manufacturing.

China is the world's largest consumer of machine tools. However, due to the large gap between China's CNC machine tools in terms of design, materials, technology, and parts processing, the production capacity of domestic high-end CNC machine tools is very low. Need to import a large number of high-end CNC machine tools from abroad. In the future, the development trend of machine tools will gradually be automated, intelligent, and green.

“The emergence of intelligent machine tools can effectively liberate people, increase production efficiency, reduce unnecessary labor costs, and at the same time make machine tools more precise in the production process.” Mao Wenkui, director of the Zhongshan Mould Factory in Shijiazhuang, was interviewed by the reporter Said that the emergence of intelligent machine tools for the future of equipment manufacturing to create automated production conditions. It combines precision manufacturing technology with computer and network technology, and is the main direction of development for future machine tools.

The intelligent machine tool can monitor, diagnose and correct various types of deviations that occur in the production process during its work, and can provide solutions for the optimization of production and real-time adjustment, which traditional machines cannot do. Mao Wenkui stated that intelligent machine tools can effectively increase production efficiency. Compared with traditional machine tools, making precision parts will be easier and more convenient. It will also reduce the production of waste parts and reduce production costs.

In addition, because of its high degree of automation, intelligent machine tools can reduce the investment in labor costs and give people time and energy to deal with problems that cannot be solved by smart machines. This is an important step for the transformation of traditional manufacturing industries. Eliminating tedious operations, manpower is more liberated from repeated mechanical labor, and automation is even closer to automation.

According to related analysis, the development of information technology and its integration with traditional machine tools have made the machine tool development in the direction of digitization, integration and intelligence. The application space for digital manufacturing equipment, digital production lines, and digital factories will become larger and larger; intelligent technology is used to implement intelligent decision-making, process adaptation control, error compensation intelligent control, and complex curved surface machining movement trajectory for multi-information fusion. Optimization control, fault self-diagnosis, intelligent maintenance and information integration will greatly improve the forming and machining accuracy and improve the manufacturing efficiency.

However, although China has always been committed to researching and developing intelligent machine tools with independent intellectual property rights, there is still a certain gap between this and the major industrial production countries. The lack of patented technology is still the main reason constraining the development of smart machine tools in China, and companies’ concerns about R&D and innovation are not conducive to the development of smart machine tools in China.

Problems still exist

From imitation and assembly to the introduction of absorption, to acquisition and cooperation, the distance between Chinese manufacturing and its rivals is getting closer and closer. However, the realization of innovation-driven and transformational upgrades is the only path to “China’s wisdom-making”. Rebuilding the key generic technology R&D system is a must for China’s manufacturing to transform China’s wisdom.

“The main R&D units for smart machine tools in China are still old state-owned enterprises. However, the disadvantages of state-owned enterprises are that they seem to be afraid of innovation.” A person who declined to be named told reporters that most of the leaders of state-owned enterprises have adopted Appointment systems, and most of them have exact terms. Some leaders of state-owned enterprises believe that it may be appropriate to engage in innovation. If they fail, they may lose both fame and fortune. It is precisely because of this that some companies have been cautious about innovation.

Relevant persons said that some state-owned enterprises have unsatisfying difficulties in innovation: First, the manufacturing industry originally had a meager profit, and a large amount of R&D investment would eat up profits and the performance would not look good. The second is the chairman of the company, who will often change places in a few years and lack long-term innovation strategy. Third, if the R&D investment exceeds a certain amount, it will be difficult for the company to make decisions. The relevant matters need the approval of the higher authorities.

However, it is impossible to master the core technology without innovation. Hu Wei, a researcher at the Shijiazhuang Institute of Science and Technology, told reporters: “The hunger for technical craving in China is becoming increasingly stringent. When it is impossible to take shortcuts, how can we develop intelligent machine tools with independent intellectual property rights to become the entire machine tool industry in China? The key to manufacturing transformation."

In addition, China does not have a unified standard for smart manufacturing, which also hinders the healthy development of smart machine tools in China. In the first International Forum on "Standardized Internet Intelligent Manufacturing" sponsored by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Standardization Administration and hosted by the China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, Director of the Internet of Things Center of the China Electronics Standardization Institute and China Intelligent Manufacturing Hu Jingyi, the secretariat of the Comprehensive Standardization Working Group, proposed that standards are the key to the success of smart manufacturing, and standards will lead the in-depth development of smart manufacturing.

Under the background of great changes in informationization, standardization has become a necessary condition for the interconnection and interoperability of intelligent manufacturing systems. Experts stated that to realize intelligent manufacturing requires the construction of large and complex systems, and information systems, manufacturing systems, and automation systems must interact in the entire life cycle of product design, production, logistics, sales, and service. . In addition, standardized terminology and definitions can help all parties to communicate and communicate to achieve close cooperation across the industry.

It is worth noting that the average level of NC production rate of CNC machine tools in developed countries is above 70%, and the numerical value of output value is between 80% and 90%. Although China's machine tool industry, the NC rate of production is increasing year by year, but the overall rate of NC is still low, so the development of CNC machine tools in China still have great potential.

Policy support is still the key

Looking at the equipment manufacturing industry at the industrial level and the machine tool level at the equipment manufacturing industry is enough to see the importance of the machine tool industry as the “mother of industry” in the industry. China is the world's largest manufacturer of machine tools, but it is also the world’s largest importer of machine tools. The main cause of this contradiction is the backwardness of China's machine tool technology.

According to relevant reports, the domestic machine tool industry has fallen into a difficult situation. The general product market has been severely declining, resulting in a decline in overall output, a drop in income, and a large loss of personnel; there are fewer professional technicians and professional designers, and funds for high-performance product research and development Large, ** difficult, its revenue is far lower than expected, the development of new products is in a dilemma; the bank's financial support for the real economy is poor, resulting in a lot of customer companies lack of funds.

Mao Wenkui told reporters that in recent years, China's machine tool demand has decreased significantly. Although China's machine tool industry has achieved certain results in the past, but the core technology is still in the hands of foreign companies, homogeneity is too serious and China's machine tool industry is still low-end products Mainly, lack of competitiveness in the market.

Hu Wei said that if we want to change the existing problems in China's machine tool industry, we still need policy support. He told reporters that the government should increase support for smart CNC machine tools, reduce taxes, encourage the relaxation of bank funds for CNC machine tools companies, so that these companies can concentrate on increasing the research and development capabilities of key machine tools, and ultimately the formation of machine tool manufacturers The competitive advantage of the supporting industrial chain.

In addition, we should also increase the training of relevant technical personnel and strengthen the construction of related professional mechanical and manufacturing specialties in various vocational colleges and universities. Encourage universities, research institutes, intermediaries and enterprises to be closely integrated so that innovation factors such as technology, results, talents, and equipment can be effectively brought together to enhance the industry's ability to independently innovate.

Hu Wei told reporters that homogeneity will become the main goal of the machine tool industry. The competition in the machine tool industry has turned into a competition for technology and innovation. Various types of CNC machine tools companies are seeking new development and integration. Through integration, it can reduce the disorderly competition among industries and improve scientific research capabilities, thus promoting the sound development of China's machine tool industry.