夏季大田作物追肥注意事项


夏季高温多雨，有利于各种作物的生长。而且阳光充足，有利于叶片的光合作用。作物光合作用所产生的碳水化合物需要大量的氮素才能形成氨基酸、蛋白质和核酸。对于小麦、玉米和水稻等粮食作物而言，夏季是作物营养生长与生殖生长交替进行的旺盛生长季节，作物快速生长阶段对养分尤其是氮素和钾素的需求量大，因此需要追肥。

 

　　大田作物主要追施氮肥，经济作物如蔬菜、烟草、葡萄、棉花等，除了氮肥还要追施钾肥。例如春玉米作物，以尿素一次性基肥施用作为参照，将另一半尿素作追肥，在七月底八月初施入。后者的氮肥利用率可提高10～20个百分点。这说明氮肥追施的利用率显著高于全部氮肥做基肥的施用方法。关于氮、钾肥夏季追施的方法一定要开沟覆土，避免表施氮肥引起的氮素挥发损失和钾肥在地表因干湿交替所带来的钾固定。

 

　　但应该注意，追施氮、钾肥都应该覆土，避免高温多雨季节出现氮素损失。

 

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