Symptoms, pathogenesis and prevention methods of green pepper rotten fruit

Green pepper rotten fruit is caused by a combination of various diseases, but the source of the disease is different, the symptoms are different, so it is necessary to carry out classification and prevention and treatment. Today, I will share with you the symptoms, pathogenesis and prevention methods of green pepper.

1. Rotten fruit caused by disease

Green pepper blight is a devastating disease of Spring greenhouse sweet pepper. Once the spring shed green pepper is inoculated, it can be rapidly expanded in the shed. Generally, the plant can die within 3 to 5 days, and the loss often reaches 20% to 30%, and even the production is terminated.

1.1 Green pepper rotten fruit symptom recognition

It can be affected throughout the growth period and is most vulnerable after fruiting. The onset of seedlings occurs mostly in the root and neck. The base of the stem is initially water-soaked, dark green, and then forms a fusiform large spot. The diseased part is obviously curled up, dark brown, and the seedlings are easy to fold. When the humidity is high, the diseased part can grow a white sparse mold layer. When the roots, necks, stems and side branches of the adult plants are damaged, dark brown long-spotted spots are formed, and the lesions can be surrounded by stems and are 3 to 5 cm long. The boundary between the disease and health junctions is obvious, and the lesions are sunken or slightly constricted. The upper part of the damaged plant is dark in color, the lower part is chlorotic, and the leaves are wilted from the bottom and defoliated until they die. The diseased spots on the leaves are water-stained at first, and then spread into nearly round or irregular large spots. The diseased leaves are dark green and easy to shrink and fall off. Most of the fruits are in the pedicle, and the lesions are water-stained and spread to the fruit surface and the fruit stalk. The diseased fruit is grayish green, followed by grayish white soft rot, sometimes with dark brown concentric rings. The diseased fruit can be shrunk without falling off, and a sparse white mold layer can be produced on wet fruit.

1.2 The incidence of green pepper rotten fruit

Caused by the genus Pseudomonas genus. When the temperature is higher than 10 °C, the shed can develop disease, with the fastest incidence at 27~30 °C, and the high temperature environment above 35 °C slows down. The most important factor affecting the severity of the disease is soil moisture. Generally, from April to May, the rainfall increases, the sunshine is small, the relative humidity of the air is large, and the soil evaporation is small. Especially at this time, the fruit is swollen and mature, the greenhouse irrigation increases, and the soil water content reaches 40%. The higher the soil water content, the faster and heavier the disease. Diseases such as sorghum cultivation and continuous cropping are also serious.

1.3 Green pepper rotten fruit prevention and treatment method

1.3.1 Seed disinfection

Soak seeds in warm water at 52 °C for 14 min, or pour 1 kg of seeds into 80 mL of sulfuric acid. Mix well and suffocate for 5-6 min. After rinsing with water, soak for 4-8 h and then germination.

1.3.2 Seedbed sterilization

It is best to use a barren field or riverbed soil to make a seedbed, without using green pepper to make a bed. It should be dried for 1 month before making a bed. The seedbed soil should be added with fine furnace ash, edible fungus culture waste, etc. to increase soil aeration and provide seedling nutrition. Before the seedlings, 10 to 12 g of Familia and 20 kg of seedbed soil are mixed into the soil, and 2/3 of the soil is applied to the bed surface, and another 1/3 is used to cover the seed.

1.3.3 Cultivation and disease prevention

Carry out 2 to 3 years of rotation with leek or beans, and remove the green pepper stalks before the field. In addition to the need for farming operations, less interspersed in the field. The land is leveled and cultivated in a high ridge. The height of the ridge is 90cm wide, the top width is 50cm, and the bottom of the ditch is 20cm wide. The double-row planting seedlings are placed on the upper sides of the high ridges, and the planting height is not to spread over the root neck when watering, and the plants are not difficult to absorb water. Or the cultivation method of laminating the membrane in the ditch and puncture the hole in the membrane. Specific practice: before the planting, the water is soaked in the furrow, and the ditch is immersed in the ditch, so that it is dense with the bottom of the ridge; 1 hole is arranged along the bottom of the ditch and 1/3 of the two sides, the hole spacing is the same as the plant spacing, and the pore diameter is 0.3~ 1.5cm; small water irrigation when watering, do not make the base of the plant contact with water, it is best to drip irrigation. Remove the diseased plants in time and carry them out of the field for destruction.

1.3.4 Chemical control

Before planting, use 25% of metalaxyl WP 0.5kg per 667 m2, add 70L of water to disinfect the soil, or use 200 times of liquid medicine to fill the roots at the beginning of the disease. When the central diseased plant appeared in the field, the root of the disease was closed with 50% cytotoxic copper wettable powder 250 times solution and 0.3% copper sulfate. At the time of planting, slowing seedling, and flowering stage, 43% Mn-WC WP 500 times solution, 58% Swine toxic manganese-zinc WP 400-500 times solution, 25% metalaxyl WP 600 times solution Rooting, 667m2 dosage 50 ~ 60L liquid. Note the alternating use of the agents to prevent drug resistance.

2. Rotten fruit caused by gray mold

The disease is caused by the infection of Botrytis cinerea. The low temperature (20 ~ 30 ° C), high humidity (90%), poor ventilation, excessive density, improper management, and poor disease resistance of the plants are serious. The bacteria overwinter in the diseased bodies and soil, and are invaded by wounds, aging or dead tissue by airflow, irrigation water and farming.

2.1 symptoms

It can occur in both seedling and adult stages. When the seedlings are infected, the lobes of the cotyledons die, and then expand to the young stems. The young stems shrink and become thinner, and they are easily broken off from the diseased part. Seedlings with heavy onset died in pieces and severely destroyed. True leaf infections appear semi-circular to near-circular light brown wheel plaques, and late leaves or stems can grow gray mold, causing diseased parts to rot. Infected with adult plants, the leaf margins first form a water-soaked large spot, then brown to form an elliptical or near-circular light yellow wheel plaque, densely covered with gray mold layer, severely causing large plaques, and the whole leaves are dry. When the fruit is infected, the water-soaked brown lesions are first formed around the fruit pedicles. When enlarged, it is dark brown, the depression is rotted, and the surface produces irregular striated gray mold.

2.2 Prevention methods

2.2.1 The shed should be ventilated in time, and the watering arrangement should be carried out on a sunny day in the morning. The amount of watering should be properly controlled, and flooding and excessive flooding should be avoided.

2.2.2 In the early stage of the disease, it can spray 50% quick-acting WP 1500-2000 times liquid, 50% Nongliling WP 1000 times solution, 40% polysulfur suspension 500 times solution, 36% methyl thiobacteria. Ling suspension 500 times solution.

2.2.3 When the sweet pepper is scented, 0.1% of 50% keering WP, 50% of phlegm tempering powder, 50% of chlorhexidine WP or 50% can be added to the growth regulator. Bacteriostatic wet powder.

Symptoms, pathogenesis and prevention methods of green pepper rotten fruit

3. Rotten fruit caused by Sclerotinia

Capsicum sclerotium can be susceptible to disease from seedling to adult stage, mainly affecting the base of stems, and can also damage stems, leaves and petioles, flowers, fruits and fruit stalks. The pathogen is warm and humid, the optimum temperature for the disease is 20-25 °C, and the relative humidity is over 90%. The optimum growth period is from adult to flowering. The incubation period is 5 to 8 days.

3.1 Three to five years of rotation with grass crops.

3.2 Deeply turn in time to cover the mulch.

3.3 Use 25% carbendazim wettable powder, 10g per square meter, mix 1kg of fine soil on the soil surface, remove the central diseased plant in time, pay attention to the ventilation of the greenhouse to prevent excessive humidity.

3.4 Select 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times liquid spray; 50% speed Keling or Nong Liling wettable powder 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid, used 2 to 3 times.

4, the rotten fruit caused by anthracnose

Initially water-stained yellow-brown round spots, often dense with small black spots. The leaves are infected, and they are initially water-stained chlorotic spots, which turn into brownish brown edges and light gray spots in the center.

In the result period, spray with 75% chlorothalonil 400 times solution or 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution. The disease is sprayed with New Wansheng 300 times solution during the prosperous period. It is appropriate.

5, the rotten fruit caused by cotton rot

When the fruit is damaged and the temperature is high, the diseased part produces a large amount of white mold.

On sunny days, it can be sprayed with 64% of anti-virus cockroach 400 times liquid. When it is rainy or when the humidity in the shed is high (more than 85%), it is fumigated with 20% chlorfluazol aerosol, 250-300 g per 667 m2, closed in the evening. The shed will ignite the pharmacy. After the sunrise, the air is vented and exhausted before sunrise.

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