To run fast cars, we must have a strong impetus. At present the car's power system can be roughly divided into natural intake system and supercharged intake system two categories. In the European sports car, in addition to the BMW auto company still insists on the use of naturally aspirated engines, other car companies in order to enhance the vehicle's dynamic performance, have used supercharging system, for example: Mercedes-Benz sports car using mechanical supercharging system, Saab car is Turbocharging originator. In recent years, Japanese cars are also beginning to extensive use of turbocharger technology. Natural intake system is not installed any form of supercharger, just use the negative pressure generated by the piston down to inhale the mixture. Although natural intake system through the variable valve timing system can get a larger horsepower output, but the power upgrade is limited. In order to effectively increase the engine's output power, the use of booster system can be said that the most effective way. Engine supercharging is the use of special superchargers to increase the pressure of the air (or combustible mixture) entering the cylinder to increase the density of the air (or combustible mixture) to increase the mass of air (or combustible mixture) entering the cylinder Engine power. Therefore, booster is to improve the engine power and output power, improve economy, save energy is an effective measure. First, the type of supercharger Supercharger is generally driven by the compressor and compressor parts. The most common engine supercharging system has two kinds of supercharger and turbocharger. 1, supercharged engine mechanically driven supercharger for supercharging, known as supercharging. When the engine is supercharged, the supercharger is usually driven by the crankshaft of the engine through gears. Turbochargers commonly used centrifugal or Roots compressors, individual use of screw compressors. In recent years, foreign countries have begun to adopt a new type of mechanical scroll turbocharger. Because the driven compressor consumes a certain amount of output power from the engine, the thermal efficiency of the supercharged engine may not necessarily improve, sometimes even lower than with non-pressurized internal combustion engines. The choice of supercharging pressure, first of all to ensure that you can achieve the required average effective pressure, and secondly to obtain the lowest possible fuel consumption. These two demands are often contradictory to supercharging. If the pursuit of the average effective pressure, it will inevitably lead to lower mechanical efficiency, fuel consumption rate. Therefore, the selection of boost pressure values ​​should seek the best compromise between power and fuel consumption. The supercharger system is currently used more commonly in European cars. Because supercharged supercharger is driven by the crankshaft continuous operation, so do not produce turbocharged turbine hysteresis phenomenon. Although the supercharger can only improve about 10% of the 20% power output, but the smooth continuity of the turbocharged engine can not. 2, exhaust turbocharger Engine exhaust energy-driven turbocharger, known as exhaust gas turbocharger (referred to as turbocharger), as shown is the exhaust gas turbocharger system. Exhaust gas turbochargers are characterized by no mechanical connection between the turbocharger and the engine. They are connected by gas. Because the work done by the compressor is a part of the energy recovered by the turbine from the exhaust gas, the turbocharged engine can not only increase the power of the engine, but also improve its thermal efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption. If you see the turbo or t logo in the rear of the car, it means that the car engine is turbocharged. Turbocharger is actually Taiwan's air compressor, which is the use of exhaust emissions from the engine to promote the turbine inertia, the turbine and the co-axial impeller to compress the air sent by the air filter pipe, the air pressurized into the cylinder. When the engine speed increases, the exhaust emission speed and turbine speed are also increased simultaneously, the impeller to compress more air into the cylinder, the air pressure and density increase can burn more fuel, the corresponding increase in fuel and adjust the engine speed, You can increase the engine's output power. At present, there are not many turbocharged sedans in our country. Only the middle-to-high-end Polaris, Passat, Audi and other models in the domestic automobile market use turbocharged engines. The biggest advantage of installing a turbocharger can not increase the engine displacement can be more substantial increase in engine power and torque, in general, the installation of turbocharger engine power and torque can be increased Large 20% 30% Second, the turbocharger upgrade At present, the majority of the domestic upgrade with Europe and the United States turbocharging kit, in addition to the main upgrade turbocharger, the peripheral accessories also include intercooler, gasoline pressure control valve, Intake relief valve, fuel supply computer and control panel. (1) Install the turbocharger on the exhaust manifold. Turbocharging the core components of the turbocharger, which consists of a turbine chamber and a supercharger, turbine chamber inlet and exhaust manifold connected to the exhaust port connected to the exhaust pipe; supercharger inlet Connected to the air filter pipe, the exhaust port is connected to the intercooler or intake manifold. Its role is to use the exhaust gas from the engine to drive the turbine to rotate at high speed and to pressurize the air from the air cleaner to increase the engine's intake air volume. (2) Install the inlet relief valve. Intake relief valve installed on the supercharger, when not pressurized, part of the exhaust will be discharged through the relief valve without entering the turbocharger, when the engine speed reaches 1700r / min, it will automatically shut off The pressure valve directs the exhaust flow to the turbine side, causing the turbine to rotate. (3) Install the intercooler. Intercooler can be installed in front of the engine tank, beside or in addition to a separate location, its corrugated aluminum heat sink and pipe structure and engine tank similar to the pressurized air can be cooled, thereby increasing the pressure effect. (4) Install gas pressure regulating valve on the oil supply pipe. Its role is to increase the fuel injection pressure of the pipeline to increase fuel injection. (5) Install the oil supply computer and control panel. The computer has been refueling computer installed turbocharger after the actual use of oil, re-write the engine fuel injection control procedures, its role is to increase the amount of fuel with the gasoline pressure control valve. Third, the car owners are concerned about 1, the installation of turbochargers is cost-effective At present, the price of turbocharger is about 10% of the price of 20%. Additional turbocharged cars on the engine also have certain requirements. For example, it must be EFI engine; cylinder pressure per cylinder compared with the factory, shall not exceed the deviation of 49kpa, otherwise the cylinder has been severely worn, not suitable for retrofitting turbocharger, of course, not every car has added Turbocharger installed, it depends on the actual needs of the owner. And some models in the market have been sold for domestic industrial turbocharged version, if the price difference between the two is not as good as direct purchase supercharged models. For example, Bora 1.8t sedan supercharged models and non-supercharged models of the difference is not big, rather than its original installation of supercharged models. 2, the installation of turbocharger will affect the safety of vehicles After the installation of turbochargers, the car's power has increased dramatically, this will not be due to increased power later caused by other safety issues such as strong power, Does the car become unsafe due to poor braking and handling? And an additional turbocharger on the engine, will affect the use of the engine? Professional engineers for these issues explained that turbochargers currently on the market are mostly low booster technology, and with the increase of the service life of the engine, the engine power has declined, therefore, after the installation of turbochargers (especially Old cars) the actual power, the torque growth does not exceed the allowable value of each component Moreover, the car's braking system has a high design safety factor, it will not affect the service life of the engine, nor the braking performance What changed? On the contrary, due to improved power performance, the car's power, torque has improved, easier to manipulate. This is important for driving safety where high torque is more important than high power because the latter only affects the speed of the car; if the engine can generate high torque at low speeds, it does not have to be on every acceleration (for example when passing) Lower gear and shorter overtaking times are crucial to driving safety; in times of heavy traffic, more powerful vehicles can be safer or faster to return to their lane.
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