Fuel injection pump diesel fuel supply system is an important component, usually in the test bench to adjust the amount of fuel installed after use, even if there will be occasional lack of power, exhaust black smoke, speed instability abnormalities. The article analyzes the reason of uneven fuel supply to injection pump and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. 1. Injector pump uneven supply of oil 1.1 mechanical failure caused by uneven fuel supply. After long-term use of the car, due to fuel pump drive coupling loose or clearance is too large, drive gear wear, backlash increases, will also affect the cylinder fuel supply uniformity. In addition, high-pressure hose fittings due to frequent vibration or tight leakage of leakage, as well as the tightening force Ambassador joint metal off and plug the tubing, the same will cause the uneven supply of fuel for each cylinder. In addition, in the fuel pump and governor spring, where the force is strong, large deformation, high frequency of the work belongs to the plunger spring. So its breaking frequency is higher. Light reduction of fuel injection, uneven fuel injection of each cylinder, the cylinder injection interval time difference, fuel injection start time delay, severe intermittent oil supply can not even. 1.2 There is uneven fuel supply when debugging. Fuel injection pump test bench debugging, the requirements of the cylinder at rated speed of the fuel supply unevenness should be <3%. Actual debugging process, due to the test bench dedicated injector and high-pressure tubing length, shape and diameter can not be exactly the same with the original machine, coupled with the differences in debugging technology, injection pump installed, the actual injection of oil in the cylinder The amount of non-uniformity is often greater than 3%. 2. Inconsistent fuel injection pump adjustment method 2.1 After the injection pump installed, according to the provisions of the standard good oil supply time, while removing the exhaust manifold, in order to observe the work of each cylinder. 2.2 start the diesel engine, idling idle 2 ~ 3min, touch each cylinder exhaust port and cylinder head near the injector, if a cylinder temperature is too high, it can be initially concluded that the cylinder fuel supply too much. 2.3 When the machine temperature exceeds 50 ℃, increase the throttle, let the engine run at rated speed, while viewing the exhaust color of the smoke, pay attention to listen to the sound of the cylinder. If a cylinder of black smoke, indicating the fuel supply is too large, with more mechanical equipment used in the 135 series diesel engine, for example, the pump can adjust the gear rod to the direction of stopping oil, release the locking screw on the adjustment gear , Take a thin iron rod into the hole of the oil control sleeve, tap with a hammer, turn it to the right, you can reduce the fuel supply, and vice versa increased. When a cylinder has a crisp percussion, and difficult to start, indicating the fuel supply too early; if a cylinder temperature is too high, or even a flame jet, it may be the oil supply started too late. Such as the 135 series diesel engine, each cylinder fuel supply start time adjustment, is determined by the position of the pump plunger. When the fuel supply start time is too late, the timing adjustment nut should be screwed out with some screws, the fuel supply start time is too early, then tighten the screws. 2.4 check the fuel supply advance angle. General oil spill method can be used to check the fuel supply advance angle, the pump will be a high-pressure pipe fittings loosened, will be connected to the fuel injector at one end of the connector removed, the tubing turned to the horizontal position, and then tighten the pump high-pressure tubing joints, the throttle pulled The maximum position, open the decompression of the car until a few drops of diesel emerge from the outlet of the high-pressure tubing. Wipe the diesel at the exit of the tubing and turn the flywheel slowly. At the same time pay attention to observe the high-pressure tubing at the exit of the oil surface, at the beginning of the moment it started to stop rotating flywheel. At this point, the engraving of the tank or the body should be aligned in the flywheel top dead center between 16 ~ 20 °. If the two have been in alignment before the oil spilled, indicating too much fuel advance angle, oil supply too early; if more than an oil spilled, indicating the fuel supply angle is too small, too late. It is noteworthy that, for multi-cylinder diesel engine, the need to install a dedicated glass tube and pointer to measure the first cylinder compression top dead center and start the fan when the fan between the two symbols between the arc length to determine the fuel supply advance is it right or not. At the same time also check each monomer pump intermittent fuel supply is the same, if different, can adjust the gap between the plunger and tappet or gasket between the pump and the body thickness, so that the oil interval to achieve the same. When the fuel supply advance angle is too small or too large, it needs to be adjusted. Different types of fuel supply advance angle adjustment methods are different. The new 195 and 190 diesel engine, is through the increase and decrease of the copper gasket between the pump and the body to adjust the fuel supply advance angle. Increasing gasket supply time becomes late, otherwise it is earlier. After the above initial adjustment, check the exhaust temperature of each cylinder is consistent, if you can not restore the normal work of the engine, you should measure the cylinder pressure is within the allowed range, if necessary, replace the piston ring or grinding valve, check the injector The atomization situation and the opening pressure is normal.
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